Tangira

Muri 5

1/20

Ibinyabiziga bigendeshwa na moteri, hatarimo velomoteri n’ibinyabiziga bidapakiye umuvuduko wabyo udashobora kurenga km 50 mu isaha ahateganye bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho by’ihoni byumvikanira mu ntera ikurikira:

Metero 200

Metero 150

Metero 100

Metero 50

Muri 5

2/20

Itara ndanganyuma rigomba gushyirwa aha hakurikira:

Ahagereye inguni y’ibumoso y’ikinyabiziga

Ahagereye inguni y’iburyo bw’ikinyabiziga

Inyuma kandi y’impera y’ibumoso bw’ikinyabiziga

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

3/20

Bumwe muri ubu bwoko bwa feri ituma imodoka iguma aho iri uko yaba yikoreye kose ku muzamuko cyangwa ku gacuri bya 16%, imyanya ya feri igomba gufata igakomeza kwegera kuburyo bw’ibyuma niyo umuyobozi yaba atarimo:

Feri yo guhagarara umwanya munini

Feri y’urugendo

Feri yo gutabara

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

4/20

Buri modoka cyangwa buri romoruki ikuruwe n’iyo modoka bishobora kugira itara rituma umuyobozi yerekana ko yabonye ikimenyetso cy’uwitegura kumunyuraho. Iryo tara rifite amabara akurikira:

umuhondo

icyatsi kibisi

umweru

umutuku

Muri 1

5/20

Utugarurarumuri turi mu mbavu z’ikinyabiziga tugomba kugira ibara rikurikira:

Umweru

Umuhondo

Umutuku

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

6/20

Amatara ndangambere n’aya ndanganyuma y’imodoka zitarengeje m 6 z’uburebure na m 2 z’ubugari habariwemo imitwaro kdi nta kinyabiziga kindi kiziritseho ashobora gusimburwa n’amatara akurikira, iyo ibyo binyabiziga bihagaze umwanya muto cyangwa mun ini mu nsisiro bibangikanye ku ruhande rw’umuhanda:

Amatara magufi

Amatara ndangaburumbarare

Amatara yo guhagarara umwanya munini

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

7/20

Imizigo yikorewe n’amagare, velomoteri, amapikipiki, ibinyamitende by’ibiziga bitatu nibyo ibiziga bine bifite cyangwa bidafite moteri inyuma ntishobora kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:

cm 20

cm 30

cm 50

cm 60

Muri 5

8/20

Iyo kuva bwije kugeza bukeye cyangwa bitewe nuko ibihe bimeze nk’igihe cy’igihu cyangwa cy’imvura bitagishoboka kubona neza muri m 200, imirongo y’ingabo z’igihugu zigendera kuri gahunda n’utundi dutsiko twose tw’abanyamaguru nk’imperekerane cyangwa udutsiko tw’abanyeshuri bari ku murongo bayobowe na mwarimu, iyo bagenda mu muhanda ku isonga hakaba hari abantu barenze umwe, bagaragzwa ku buryo bukurikira:

Imbere ni itara ryera ritwariwe ku ruhande rw’ibumoso n’umuntu uri ku murongo w’imbere hafi y’umurongo ugabanya umuhanda mo kabiri

Inyuma ni itara umuhondo ritwariwe ku ruhande rw’ibumoso n’umuntu uri ku murongo w’inyuma hafi y’umurongo ugabanya umuhanda mo kabiri

A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

9/20

Iyo imizigo igizwe n’ibinyampeke, ikawa, ipamba idatonoye, ibishara, ibyatsi, ibishami cyangwa ubwatsi bw’amatungo bidahambiriye uretse amapaki afunze, ubugari bwayo bushobora kugera ku bipimo bikurikira:

m 2.50

m 2.75

m 3

nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

10/20

Iyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’i kinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:

Metero 100

Metero 150

Metero 200

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

11/20

Guhagarara akanya gato no guhagarara akanya kanini bibujijwe cyane cyane aha hakurikira:

Ku mihanda y’icyerekezo kimwe hose

Mu ruhande ruteganye n’urwo ikindi kinyabiziga gihagazemo akanya gato cyangwa kanini

Ku mihanda ibisikanirwamo, iyo ubugari bw’umwanya w’ibinyabiziga ugomba gutuma bibisikana butagifite m12

Ibisubizo byose nibyo

Muri 1

12/20

Romoruki zifite ubugari ntarengwa bwa cm 80 zishobora gushyirwaho akagarurarumuri kamwe gusa iyo zikuruwe n’ibinyabiziga bikurikira:

Velomoteri

Ipikipiki idafite akanyabiziga ku ruhande

Amavatiri y’ifasi

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

13/20

Uretse mu mijyi kuyindi mihanda yagenywe na minisiteri ushinzwe gutwara ibintu n’abantu, uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe ku binyabiziga bifatanye bifite imitambiko itatu ni:

toni 20

toni 16

toni 12

toni 10

Muri 5

14/20

Iyo banyuze iruhande rw’inkomyi abanyamaguru bagomba gukikira banyuze mu muhanda, abayobozi bagomba gusiga umwanya ufite ubugari bwa m 1 nibura hagati yabo nayo. Iyo ibyo bidashobora kubahirizwa kandi umunyamaguru akaba anyura hafi yiyo nkomyi, umuyobozi agomba kuyikikira afite umuvuduko utarengeje ibipimo bikurikira:

km 10 mu isaha

km 20 mu isaha

km 30 mu isaha

nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

15/20

Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona ku buryo bukurikira:

Babona iburyo bwabo ibyibara ritukura cyangwa ibisa n’icunga rihishije

Ibumoso babona iby’ibara ryera

A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

16/20

Nta tara na rimwe cyangwa utugarurarumuri bishobora kuba bifunze kuburyo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi ya cm 40 kuva ku butaka igihe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa ku matara akurikira:

Amatara kamenabihu

Amatara yo gusubira inyuma

A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

17/20

Ahatari mu nsisiro ibyapa biburira n’ibyapa byo gutambuka mbere bigomba gushyirwa mu ntera ikurikira y’ahantu habyerekana:

Metero 150 kugeza kuri 200

Metero 100 kugeza kuri 150

Metero 50 kugeza kuri 100

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 5

18/20

Ahatari mu nsisiro, umuyobozi wese ugenza ikinyabiziga kimwe cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikomatanye bifite uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe burenga ibiro 3500 cyangwa bifite uburebure bwite burenga metero 10 agomba, keretse iyo anyuze cyangwa agiye kunyura ku bindi binyabiziga, gusiga hagati y’ikinyabiziga cye n’iki muri imbere umwanya uhagije kugirango ibinyabiziga bimuhiseho bisho bore kuhigobeka bidateje impanuka igihe bibaye ngombwa ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa mu bihe bikurikira:

Mu gihe ibigendera mu muhanda ari byinshi kimwe no mu duce tw'inzira nyabagendwa aho kunyuranaho bibujijwe

Igihe ibigendera mu muhanda ari byinshi

Mu duce tw’inzira nyabagendwa aho kunyuranaho bibujijwe

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

19/20

Amatara maremare y’ibara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo agomba, nijoro igihe ijuru rikeye, kumurika mu muhanda mu ntera ya m 1 00 nibura imbere y’ikinyabiziga, ariko ku binyabiziga bifite moteri itarengeje za sentimetero kibe 125 iyo ntera igira ibipimo bikurikira:

m200

m100

m85

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

20/20

Ikinyabiziga cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikururana bifite imitambiko ibiri ikurikiranye mu bugari bwayo ni ukuvuga imitambiko yihindukiza kucyo ifungiyeho, uburebure bwabyo ntibugomba kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:

m11

m10

nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Umwitozo 16

Ibinyabiziga bigendeshwa na moteri, hatarimo velomoteri n’ibinyabiziga bidapakiye umuvuduko wabyo udashobora kurenga km 50 mu isaha ahateganye bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho by’ihoni byumvikanira mu ntera ikurikira:

Itara ndanganyuma rigomba gushyirwa aha hakurikira:

Bumwe muri ubu bwoko bwa feri ituma imodoka iguma aho iri uko yaba yikoreye kose ku muzamuko cyangwa ku gacuri bya 16%, imyanya ya feri igomba gufata igakomeza kwegera kuburyo bw’ibyuma niyo umuyobozi yaba atarimo:

Buri modoka cyangwa buri romoruki ikuruwe n’iyo modoka bishobora kugira itara rituma umuyobozi yerekana ko yabonye ikimenyetso cy’uwitegura kumunyuraho. Iryo tara rifite amabara akurikira:

Utugarurarumuri turi mu mbavu z’ikinyabiziga tugomba kugira ibara rikurikira:

Imizigo yikorewe n’amagare, velomoteri, amapikipiki, ibinyamitende by’ibiziga bitatu nibyo ibiziga bine bifite cyangwa bidafite moteri inyuma ntishobora kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:

Iyo imizigo igizwe n’ibinyampeke, ikawa, ipamba idatonoye, ibishara, ibyatsi, ibishami cyangwa ubwatsi bw’amatungo bidahambiriye uretse amapaki afunze, ubugari bwayo bushobora kugera ku bipimo bikurikira:

Iyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’i kinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:

Guhagarara akanya gato no guhagarara akanya kanini bibujijwe cyane cyane aha hakurikira:

Romoruki zifite ubugari ntarengwa bwa cm 80 zishobora gushyirwaho akagarurarumuri kamwe gusa iyo zikuruwe n’ibinyabiziga bikurikira:

Uretse mu mijyi kuyindi mihanda yagenywe na minisiteri ushinzwe gutwara ibintu n’abantu, uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe ku binyabiziga bifatanye bifite imitambiko itatu ni:

Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona ku buryo bukurikira:

Nta tara na rimwe cyangwa utugarurarumuri bishobora kuba bifunze kuburyo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi ya cm 40 kuva ku butaka igihe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa ku matara akurikira:

Ahatari mu nsisiro ibyapa biburira n’ibyapa byo gutambuka mbere bigomba gushyirwa mu ntera ikurikira y’ahantu habyerekana:

Amatara maremare y’ibara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo agomba, nijoro igihe ijuru rikeye, kumurika mu muhanda mu ntera ya m 1 00 nibura imbere y’ikinyabiziga, ariko ku binyabiziga bifite moteri itarengeje za sentimetero kibe 125 iyo ntera igira ibipimo bikurikira:

Ikinyabiziga cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikururana bifite imitambiko ibiri ikurikiranye mu bugari bwayo ni ukuvuga imitambiko yihindukiza kucyo ifungiyeho, uburebure bwabyo ntibugomba kurenza ibipimo bikurikira: