Tangira

Muri 1

1/20

Kugirango bitabangamira uburyo bwo kugenda mu muhanda, inyamaswa zigomba kugabanywamo amatsinda uretse mu bihe bikurikira :

Igihe hari abayobozi bahagije

Igihe hatanzwe amabwiriza yihariye yo kwimuka

Igihe ntamabwiriza yandi yatanzwe.

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

2/20

Inzigaz’ibinyabiziga zigomba kutagira imigongo iriho:

Udushyundu

Utunogo

a& b Ni ibisubizo by’ukuri

Ntagisubizo cyukurikirimo

Muri 1

3/20

Nta tara narimwe cyangwa akagarurumuri bishobora kuba bifunze kuburyo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi ya santimetero 40 kuva kubutaka,ighe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa ku matara akurikira :

Amatara maremare

Amatara ya kamena bihu

Amatara ndanga nyuma

Amatara maremare

Ntagisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

4/20

Imirongo yera migari yo mu muhanda igomba kugira bugali bungana :

Cm 20 na cm60

Cm40 na Cm60

Cm 60 na cm25

Muri 1

5/20

Ibizirikisho by’iminyururu cyangwa insinga kimwe n’ibindi bizirikisho by’ingoboka bikoreshwa gusa igihe ntakundi umuntu yabigenza kandi ntakindi bigiriwe uretse gusa kugira ngo ikinyabiziga kigere aho kigomba gukorerwa, kandi nturenze na rimwe kilometero 20 mu isaha.Ibyo bizirikisho bigomba kugaragazwa ku buryo bukurikira :

Agatambaro gatukura ka 50 cm z’uruhande

Ikimenyetso cy’itara risa n’icyunga rihishije

Icyapa cyera cya mpande enye gifite 20 cm z’uruhande

Ntagisubizo

Muri 1

6/20

Romoroki zifite ubugari ntarengwa bwa cm 80 zishobora gushyirwaho akagarurarumuri kamwe gusa iyo zikuruwe n’ibinyabiziga bikurikira :

Velomoteri

Ipikipiki idafite akanyabiziga ko kuruhande

Amavatiri y’ifasi

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

7/20

Mbere yo kwinjira mu isangano aho ibinyabiziga binyura bizengurutse,umuyobozi agomba:

Guhagarara akanya gato

Kureka ibinyabiziga byagezemo bigatambuka

Ntagisubizo

Muri 1

8/20

Iyo kuva bwije kugeza bukeye, bitagishoboka kubona muri m 200 ibinyabiziga bigendeshwa na moteri bitari velomoteri n'amapikipiki adafite akanyabiziga ko ku ruhande mu nzira nyabagendwa bigomba kugaragazwa na :

Imbere ni itara rimwe ritukura

Inyuma ni amatara abiri atukura

Imbere ni amatara abiri atukura

Nta gisubizo cy'ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

9/20

Ibyerekeranye no gusimburana kw’amahoni n’imburira zimurika ntibireba ibinyabiziga bikurikira :

Ibinyabiziga bitwara imizigo

Ibinyabiziga ndakumirwa

Ibinyabiziga by’abapolisi

b na c nibyo

Muri 1

10/20

Bimwe muri ibi byapa birabujijwe ku nzira nyabagendwa :

Ibyapa biyobora

Ibyapa byamamaza

Ibyapa by’inyongera

b na c n’ibisubizo by’ukuri

Muri 1

11/20

Ibyapa by’inyongera bishobora ku menyesha:

Ibitegetswe byihariye gusa

Ubugerure cyangwa amarengategeko rusange cyangwa ibibujijwe ndetse n’ibitegetswe byihariye

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

12/20

Ahari hejuru cyane y’ubuso bumurika h’amatara ndanga na ndanga nyuma,ntihashobora kuba aharenze 1,90cm hejuru y’ubutaka, iyo ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko kubyerekeye utugarurarumuri ubwo buhagarike ntibushobora kurenga ibipimo bikurikira :

Metero 1 na sentimetero 20

Metero 1 na sentimetero 50

Metero 1 na sentimetero 70

Metero 1 na sentimetero 75

Ntagisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

13/20

Icyapa kigizwe n’uruziga rutukura ubuso bw’umweru gishushanyijemo velomoteri mu ibarara ry’umukara gitegeka ko :

Velomoteri zihaca zigombakugenda buhoro

Velomoteri zitemerewe kuhahagarara

Velomoteri zitemerewe kuhanyura burimusi

Ntagisubizo cy'ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

14/20

Ibyapa bibuza n’ibitegeka bifite ishusho:

Umwashi

Kare

Uruziga

Nk’ingasire

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

15/20

Igice cy’inzira nyabagendwa kigarukira ku mirongo ibiri yera icagaguye ibangikanye kandi gifite ubugali budahagije kugirango imodoka zitambuke neza ni :

Inzira y’abanyamaguru

Agahanda k’amagare

a na b byose ni ukuri

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

16/20

Iyo bwije kugeza bukeye cyangwa bitewe n’uko ibihe bimeze nk’igihe cy’ibihu cyangwa imvura bitagishoboka kubona muri metero 200, imirongo y’ingabo z’igihugu zigenda n’utundi dutsiko twose tw’abanyamaguru n’iperekane cyangwa udutsiko twose tw’abanyeshuri bari ku murongo kw’isonga hakaba hari abantu barenze umwe bagaragazwa kuburyo bukurikira :

Imbere n’itara ryera ritwariwe ku ruhande rw’ibumoso n’umuntu uri ku murongo w’imbere hafi y’umurongo ugabanya umuhanda mo kabiri.

Inyuma n’itara ry’umuhondo ritwariwe ku ruhande rw’ibumoso n’umuntu uri ku murongo w’imbere hafi y’umurongo ugabanya umuhanda mo kabiri.

a na b ni ibisubizo by’ukuri

Ntagisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Muri 1

17/20

Ibinyabiziga biherekeranije mu butumwa bigamije urugendo rumwe bigomba kugabanywamo amatsinda afite uburebure butarenga metero 500 kandi hagati yitsinda ni irindi hakaba byibura metero 50, hagati y’imodoka n’indi hakaba metero 30,ariko ibimaze kuvugwa ntibikurikizwa ku binyabiziga bikurikira :

Ibinyabiziga byikorera uburemere burenga 12,500kg

Ibinyabiziga bitwarira abantu hamwe barenga 30

Ibinyabiziga bya gisirikare

Ibinyabiziga bidasanzwe

Ibi bisubizo byose nibyo

Muri 1

18/20

Birabujijwe guhagarara umwanya munini mu gihe kirenze iminsi 7, ibinyabiziga bikurikira

Ibinyabiziga bikomatanye bitagishoboye kugenda

Ibinyabiziga bifite moteri bitagishoboye kugenda

Rumoroki

b na c ni ibisubizo byiza

Muri 1

19/20

Imizigo yikorewe n’amagare na velomoteri,amapikipiki,ibinyamitende by’ibiziga bitatu n’ibyine bifite cq bidafite moteri,inyuma ntibishobora kurenza ibipimo bikurikira :

Santimetero 20

Santimetero 40

Santimetero 55

Santimetero 50

Muri 1

20/20

Iyo byanze bikunze kimwe mu binyabiziga bigiye kubisikana kigomba gusubira inyuma abayobozi bagomba gusubira inyuma ni aba bakurikira :

abatwaye ibinyabiziga bikomatanye bahuye n’abatwate ibidakomatanye

Abatwaye ibinyabiziga binini bahuye n’abatwaye ibito

Abatwaye ibinyabiziga bitwarira abantu hamwe bahuye n’abatwaye ibitwara imizigo

Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo

Umwitozo wa 2

Kugirango bitabangamira uburyo bwo kugenda mu muhanda, inyamaswa zigomba kugabanywamo amatsinda uretse mu bihe bikurikira :

Inzigaz’ibinyabiziga zigomba kutagira imigongo iriho:

Nta tara narimwe cyangwa akagarurumuri bishobora kuba bifunze kuburyo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi ya santimetero 40 kuva kubutaka,ighe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa ku matara akurikira :

Imirongo yera migari yo mu muhanda igomba kugira bugali bungana :

Romoroki zifite ubugari ntarengwa bwa cm 80 zishobora gushyirwaho akagarurarumuri kamwe gusa iyo zikuruwe n’ibinyabiziga bikurikira :

Mbere yo kwinjira mu isangano aho ibinyabiziga binyura bizengurutse,umuyobozi agomba:

Iyo kuva bwije kugeza bukeye, bitagishoboka kubona muri m 200 ibinyabiziga bigendeshwa na moteri bitari velomoteri n'amapikipiki adafite akanyabiziga ko ku ruhande mu nzira nyabagendwa bigomba kugaragazwa na :

Ibyerekeranye no gusimburana kw’amahoni n’imburira zimurika ntibireba ibinyabiziga bikurikira :

Bimwe muri ibi byapa birabujijwe ku nzira nyabagendwa :

Ibyapa by’inyongera bishobora ku menyesha:

Ahari hejuru cyane y’ubuso bumurika h’amatara ndanga na ndanga nyuma,ntihashobora kuba aharenze 1,90cm hejuru y’ubutaka, iyo ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko kubyerekeye utugarurarumuri ubwo buhagarike ntibushobora kurenga ibipimo bikurikira :

Icyapa kigizwe n’uruziga rutukura ubuso bw’umweru gishushanyijemo velomoteri mu ibarara ry’umukara gitegeka ko :

Ibyapa bibuza n’ibitegeka bifite ishusho:

Igice cy’inzira nyabagendwa kigarukira ku mirongo ibiri yera icagaguye ibangikanye kandi gifite ubugali budahagije kugirango imodoka zitambuke neza ni :

Ibinyabiziga biherekeranije mu butumwa bigamije urugendo rumwe bigomba kugabanywamo amatsinda afite uburebure butarenga metero 500 kandi hagati yitsinda ni irindi hakaba byibura metero 50, hagati y’imodoka n’indi hakaba metero 30,ariko ibimaze kuvugwa ntibikurikizwa ku binyabiziga bikurikira :

Birabujijwe guhagarara umwanya munini mu gihe kirenze iminsi 7, ibinyabiziga bikurikira

Imizigo yikorewe n’amagare na velomoteri,amapikipiki,ibinyamitende by’ibiziga bitatu n’ibyine bifite cq bidafite moteri,inyuma ntibishobora kurenza ibipimo bikurikira :

Iyo byanze bikunze kimwe mu binyabiziga bigiye kubisikana kigomba gusubira inyuma abayobozi bagomba gusubira inyuma ni aba bakurikira :